New SonicWall SonicOSX 7.0 and SonicOS 7.0 Operating Systems Offer Visibility and Simplicity

Businesses are embracing digital transformation, bringing about a new era of the anytime, anywhere business. Staffed by flexible employees and built on the principle of a distributed enterprise, the resulting proliferation of applications and data presents organizations with a major security challenge.

As enterprises grow, they must proactively manage security across several different locations: at headquarters, at software-defined branches (SD-Branches), at co-located data centers or in a variety of cloud locations. These locations are not siloed — applications and data move dynamically between them, forcing security to follow.

SonicWall physical and virtual firewalls provide high-performance security across a wide range of enterprises, but protecting all these security vectors requires the ability to consistently apply the right security policy to the right network control point — while keeping in mind that some security failures can be attributed to ineffective policies or misconfigurations.

To ensure effective policy provisioning, enterprises need dynamic visibility across the network. They need a boundless approach to network security policy management.

The SonicOS or SonicOSX architecture is at the core of every SonicWall physical and virtual firewall, including the TZ, NSa, NSv and NSsp Series. Our operating systems leverage our patented, single-pass, low-latency, Reassembly-Free Deep Packet Inspection® (RFDPI) and patent-pending Real-Time Deep Memory Inspection™ (RTDMI) technologies to deliver industry-validated high security effectiveness, Secure SD-WAN, real-time visualization, high-speed virtual private networking (VPN) and other robust security features.

The latest TZ570/670 Series firewalls run on the brand-new SonicOS 7.0, which features advanced security, simplified policy management, and critical networking and management capabilities — all designed to meet the needs of distributed enterprises with next-gen SD-Branches and small- to medium-sized businesses.

With the introduction of the brand-new SonicOSX 7.0 and SonicOS 7.0, the SonicOS operating system is setting a new standard for usability. Built from the ground up, SonicOSX 7.0 architecture features Unified Policy management, which offers integrated management of various security policies for enterprise-grade firewalls such as SonicWall NSsp and NSv firewall series.

This OS upgrade brings about multi-instance support on NSsp series firewalls. Multi-instance is the next generation of multi-tenancy, where each tenant is isolated with dedicated compute resources to avoid resource starvation.

SonicOSX 7 also provides unified policy to provision L3 to L7 controls in a single rule base on every firewall, providing admins a centralized location for configuring policies. It comes with a new web interface born from a radically different approach: a user-first design emphasis. SonicOSX’s web-based interface presents meaningful visualizations of threat information, and displays actionable alerts prompting you to configure contextual security policies with point-and-click simplicity.

In addition to being more user friendly, the new interface is also more attractive than the classic version. In a single-pane view of a firewall, the interface presents the user with information on the effectiveness of various security rules. The user is then able to modify the predefined rules for gateway antivirus, antispyware, content filtering, intrusion prevention, geo-IP filtering, and deep-packet inspection of encrypted traffic in a seamless fashion. With Unified Policy, SonicWall delivers a more streamlined experience that reduces configuration errors and deployment time for a better overall security posture.

The Unified Policy gives your organization the ability to control dynamic traffic passing through a firewall and provides visibility and insight into the disparate policies that affect gateway antivirus, antispyware, content filtering, intrusion prevention, geo-IP filtering, deep-packet inspection of encrypted traffic and more. It helps simplify management tasks, reduce configuration errors and speed up deployment time, which all contribute to a better overall security posture.

To learn more, visit www.sonicwall.com/sonicos

Source :
https://blog.sonicwall.com/en-us/2020/08/new-sonicwall-sonicosx-7-0-and-sonicos-7-0-offer-visibility-and-simplicity/

Cluster of 295 Chrome extensions caught hijacking Google and Bing search results

More than 80 million Chrome users have installed one of 295 Chrome extensions that hijack and insert ads inside Google and Bing search results.

The malicious extensions were discovered by AdGuard, a company that provides ad-blocking solutions, while the company’s staff was looking into a series of fake ad-blocking extensions that were available on the official Chrome Web Store.

A subsequent investigation into the fake ad blockers unearthed a larger group of malicious activity spreading across 295 extensions.

Besides fake ad blockers, AdGuard said it also found extensions posing as weather forecast widgets and screenshot capture utilities.

However, the vast majority of the malicious extensions (245 out of the 295 extensions) were simplistic utilities that had no other function than to apply a custom background for Chrome’s “new tab” page.

In a technical analysis shared with ZDNet, AdGuard said all extensions loaded malicious code from the fly-analytics.com domain, and then proceeded to quietly inject ads inside Google and Bing search results.

Almost all the 295 extensions were still available on the official Chrome Web Store earlier today, when we received the list from AdGuard.https://platform.twitter.com/embed/index.html?creatorScreenName=ZDNet&dnt=false&embedId=twitter-widget-0&frame=false&hideCard=false&hideThread=false&id=1290674805365264386&lang=en&origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fcluster-of-295-chrome-extensions-caught-hijacking-google-and-bing-search-results%2F&siteScreenName=ZDNet&theme=light&widgetsVersion=223fc1c4%3A1596143124634&width=550px

Extensions started being pulled down from the store after we reached out to Google’s Web Store team and after AdGuard published a blog post detailing their findings.

The same blog post also details additional bad practices on the Chrome Web Store, such as store moderators allowing a large number of copycat extensions to clone popular add-ons, capitalize on their brands, reach millions of users, while also containing malicious code that performs ad fraud or cookie stuffing.

The full list of 295 ad-injecting extensions is available below, at the end of this article.

When Google removes an extension from the Chrome Web Store for malicious activity, the extension is also disabled in users’ browsers and marked as “malware” in Chrome’s Extension section.

Users still have to manually uninstall it from their browsers.


Format: [extension ID] [extension name]

  1. flbcjbhgomclbhlchggbmnpekhfeacim, “ScreenShot & Screen Capture Elite”
  2. aadmpgppfacognoeobmheghfiibdplcf, “Kawaii Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  3. abgfholnofpihncfdmombecmohpkojdb, “Shadow Of The Tomb Raider Wallpaper New Tab”
  4. aciloeifdphkogbpagikkpiecbjkmedn, “Kpop SHINee Wallpapers HD New Tab”
  5. acmgemnaochmalgkipbamjddcplkdmjm, “Tokyo Ghoul Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  6. addpbbembilhmnkjpenjgcgmihlcofja, “Mega Man Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  7. adfjcmhegakkhojnallobfjbhenbkopj, “Weather forecast for Chrome™”
  8. aeklcpmgaadjpglhjmcidlekijpnmdhc, “Kpop Blackpink Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  9. afifalglopajkmdkgnphpfkmgpgdngfj, “Kpop Red Velvet HD NewTab Themes”
  10. agldjlpmeladgadoikdbndmeljpmnajl, “Tumblr Wallpapers Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  11. ahmmgfhcokekfofjdndgmkffifklogbo, “season 6 fortnite HD Wallpapers NewTab”
  12. aippaajbmefpjeajhgaahmicdpgepnnm, “Unicorn Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  13. akdpobnbjepjbnjklkkbdafemhnbfldj, “My Hero Academia Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  14. akhiflcfcbnheaofcaflofbmnkmjlnno, “Cs Go Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  15. aklklkifmplgnobmieahildcfbleamdb, “Super Junior Wallpapers Eunhyuk”
  16. alppaffmlaefpmopolgpkgmncopkbbep, “Boku No Hero Academia Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  17. amdnpfcpjglkdfcigaccfgmlmdepdpeo, “D.Gray-man Backgrounds New Tab”
  18. aomepndmhbbklcjcknnhdabaaofahjcj, “Super Cars – Sports Cars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  19. badbchbijjjadlpjkkhmefaghggjjeha, “Lil Pump HD New Tab”
  20. bbbdfjdplonnggfjjbjhggobffkggnkm, “3D Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  21. bbdldenhkjcoikalkfkgolomdpnncofc, “Snowman & Gingerbread New Tab Constellations”
  22. bcdjcbgogdomoebdcbniaifnacjbglil, “Gucci Tab Themes HD Bape”
  23. bcepmajicjlaoleoljbpaemkfghohmib, “Bulldogs Tab”
  24. bdbablmeheiahecklheciomhmkplcoml, “Kobe Bryant – Black Mamba New Tab Themes HD”
  25. bfeecodfffgkdedfhmgbfindokikafid, “GTA 5 Grand Theft Auto”
  26. bhifimmocncplbnikchffepggmofkake, “Bangtan Boys Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  27. blipiofdiknkllpajgepiiigfmfgnfep, “Aquarium Live Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  28. bmagbmnmkaknlnoohbmobfmlgndijecb, “RM & Jin Tab Wallpapers”
  29. bnecbeikepeloplclngelcgmgdnafhlp, “Akame Ga Kill Wallpapers HD”
  30. bpnmalopmgpilaoikaeafokedkkonhea, “Sports Cars”
  31. cbncogjaakomibjcgdkpdjmlhfcjfojc, “Moving Wallpapers Wallpapers”
  32. ccgmdfdcnpcfmpceggggmnhbolkhlffi, “Christmas Tree Lights NewTab Emoji”
  33. ccmnnlcciddhkdllgfmkojmmmpahdhlp, “Jungkook HD Tab Backgrounds”
  34. cdpmhflbdaoifgkmlhpfkbfgcifchgpn, “CS GO Themes NewTab”
  35. cepgcjakdboolfkcbihdokfjjkeaddin, “One Direction 1D HD NewTab”
  36. cfadfngejcdogjkkdohpkgeodjooogip, “My Hero Academia Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  37. cgdmknakejoaompdmdeddpgmjffnniab, “Suga”
  38. cgodgjmdljiecnbcgdampafcmlgmfmid, “Puppies Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  39. cibigjhoekijbagpgcgpgimebaiocdgm, “Gta V Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  40. cjbdbomgdbdgdlainhobpjnfkoidcond, “Lamborghini Live Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  41. clndgmolhlkchkbiinamamnbibkakiml, “Tokyo Ghoul Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  42. cmbfgkkjfkmmhalhebnhmanbenfghkcm, “Galaxy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  43. cncepimkmnhgbjmbcgoomegdkdhplihm, “Stargate SG-1 Tab Wallpapers HD”
  44. cnfbbaddndiehkmhdmmngecaofaojaeo, “Rogue One – Star Wars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  45. codilkcdacpeklilmgjknekfpminaieo, “Bugatti Vs Lamborghini Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  46. dakenmmdlklnjdpdfmdjccpeapmijaad, “Galaxy Space Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  47. dapecdhpbakbfcoijjpdfoffnajhifej, “Avengers Endgame”
  48. dckadbanpeemhkphnnllamgolhbbbebi, “Spiderman HD NewTab Comics”
  49. ddodaoihhhohncjalnjgmgnlfhgckgdj, “Glitter Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  50. dhbhgfiodedkhgocailljbhcfjhplibb, “Super Cars Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  51. dhcnonhheahlocjbbpkbammanpenpfop, “Naruto Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  52. dhgmdjkeagnhamkedcejighocjkkijli, “Cats & Dogs Wallpapers & Cats & Dogs Games”
  53. dinlhhblgeikohhbfkcoeggglbjlanhg, “Riverdale Tab Themes”
  54. djjdjlbigcdjlghdioabbkjhdelmdhai, “Kawaii Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  55. dkcppkdodfegjkeefohjancleioblabi, “Stephen Curry NewTab Wallpapers”
  56. dkfbfgncahnfghoemhmmlfefhpolihom, “Naruto Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  57. dmklpmfpkokephcjdmocddkhilglgajl, “Witcher Backgrounds HD Tab”
  58. dnimnhhaiphlclcocakkfgnnekoggjpl, “Planet Earth Nature Space Art Wallpaper Tab”
  59. doecpeonnonddhfpabfgblijljennlcj, “Galaxy Space Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  60. dofbgmolpdoknlknfjddecnahgjpinpb, “Beagle Wallpapers New Tab”
  61. dppogkehbpnikehcmadgkbimjnmhdnlo, “Blue Exorcist Wallpapers NewTab”
  62. eapceolnilleaiiaapgionibccekkeom, “Boku No Hero Academia Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  63. ecaejcfpngljeinjmahknbemhnddiioe, “Sicario Day Of The Soldado Themes NewTab”
  64. ecgafllkghmmbnhacnpcobibalonhkkj, “StarCraft Themes NewTab”
  65. edfmeionipdoohiagoaefljjhififgnl, “Nike Themes”
  66. edgbooeklapanaclbchdiaekalebmfgb, “Jesus New Tab”
  67. edohegfjelahakooigmnmkmjofcjgofe, “Sword Art Online Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  68. eeeiekjkpbneogggaajnjldadjmclhlo, “Bts Suga”
  69. eejkpejdfojkbklnlnpgpojoidojbhnh, “Hot Rod Wallpapers – Classic Cars Themes”
  70. efckalhlcogbdbfopffmbacghfoelaia, “Anime Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  71. efnaoofiidefjeefpnheopknaciohldg, “Zelda Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  72. egdpmjnldpefdaiekiapjkanabfiaodp, “Anime Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  73. egicjjdcjhfdnejimnhngogjmoajffpm, “Video Downloader and MP3 converter Pro”
  74. ejcefeinlmdmpnohebfckmodhdkhlgmk, “Danganronpa Wallpapers”
  75. ejighbgeedkpcambhfkohdalcgckdein, “Adblocker for YouTube – Youtube Adblocker”
  76. empoeejllbcgpkmghimibnapemegnihf, “Cristiano Ronaldo Wallpapers”
  77. enlaekiichndcbohopenblignipkjaoa, “Auto Replay for YouTube”
  78. enmomapaolnpbaenhilkjhmobpggjcpm, “Anime Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  79. eohabjkmhajbeaejogdikpgapkeigdki, “Bangtan Boys Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  80. eoijplcnfnjgofchhdkkhpfcjkcefgkb, “Minecraft Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  81. facihnceaoboeoembnbmdlecmkpioacc, “Ferrari Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  82. fagaafjhdmoagacggplmbpganjfjjpcf, “Detective Pikachu Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  83. fanonokndfeibplocpeipgfbopkigcce, “Sword Art Online Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  84. faokbgedcfhnfecloigcihpplicdnann, “Japan NewTab”
  85. fcdopghpidfdeglcheccmehiaedgpmkm, “Wreck It Ralph 2 New Tab Themes HD Moana”
  86. fdacngbbemokpkmdkdefkoodndakgejc, “Neon Wolf NewTab”
  87. fdfffeipjpofnkmdkadjcjohdfoeblhk, “Zombies Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  88. ffhamkjhfajcjlnobkogimnhiagohgfg, “Freddy fnaf New Tab Backgrounds”
  89. fjnbjacfigdidgeeommhbdhnojamhpfg, “Boku No Hero Academia Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  90. fjohhelccbogecmolmjemopgackpnmpg, “Portal Wallpapers & Portal Games”
  91. flagaiaajbikpfnnkodcphdcmgefmbcl, “Aquarium Live Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  92. flgfngbiaanimkhjkojnmilfalidpign, “Chicago Cubs Wallpapers Cubs World”
  93. fmngfipkcebejdconcibohjjgfmokhpa, “Spiderman – Into The Spider Verse Themes Man”
  94. fnblapfcdifokdbkpcbhpkajlkgmcjii, “Motivational Quotes Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  95. fpdjcfokkeooncckcolkmmppebjnfhgh, “Kimetsu No Yaiba Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  96. fphafkamioonlcelldogidajbcmmicco, “Galaxy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  97. fpjbgjpkfcanmdgjpmnnmoekkaahmafg, “Chevrolet Corvette Backgrounds”
  98. fplmpcijomgjmfbjcidbgpjdmhmamlkf, “Thanos Marvel Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  99. gdacidkmmbdpkedejaljplnfhjidomio, “Tokyo Ghoul Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  100. gdoomgeeelkgcmmoibloelbodkpggdle, “Roblox Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  101. geoolholooeeblajdjffdmknpecbkmah, “Pink Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  102. ghfgeefhkkoajgmnopaldgcagohakhmg, “Despicable Me 3 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  103. ghhanhhegklhcoffmgkdbiekfhmbfbnc, “Supercars Mustang-Lambo-Bugatti-Nissan Tab”
  104. gjkigcdoljdojaaomnadffdhggoobdpc, “Fortnite Live NewTab”
  105. gkjkhpbembbjogoiejpkehohclfoljbp, “Swag HD Tab Wallpapers”
  106. glibnbcgclecomknccifdaglefljfoej, “Nba Youngboy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  107. gllogphgdmclhfledlcgmdolngohamcl, “Horse Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  108. haagbldencigkgikfekmoaaofambnafp, “Fire Horse Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  109. haglbigaalkckkedjamjibfnklbbodck, “Puppies Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  110. hcgepcgbgnleafnfcepjbekchbdmekfa, “J Hope & V Bts Vhope HD NewTab”
  111. hdbchphkjjidcfidaelcpmonodhhaahp, “Pokemon Go Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  112. hdljgflalglmllbagpacjmkdiggliidk, “Dark Souls Themes NewTab HD”
  113. hdpnlijiblkmokbjljbahhgkpokgpkli, “Fortnite Live Wallpapers New Tab”
  114. heaphjoejcpdagahbnkkloiaicpadomp, “Blade Runner 2049 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  115. hjfmdhbmpagpfheceengkakdmpncmlif, “Christmas Tree – Rose Gold Themes Frozen”
  116. hjkjkmkoklbhjhlddialffkchddlncjb, “Unicorns Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  117. hjoihkjijjbkiglgeghbokincmidfped, “Harry Potter Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  118. hncokbmdmbmmlkjhoagcpokehopdikhc, “Star Wars Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  119. hnhpnbajfmmopedidmiablkcdnlegkmd, “Sports Cars – Super Cars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  120. homdfmaeflodjknffbnhagmlhmgmbjac, “Unicorns Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  121. iccagibmclklcmiejfddepgffgkhnnib, “Dragon Ball Z Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  122. idkllmolbaiailjfidkjcidapkddidbg, “Marble Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  123. ifbffcgakkboaffkidggpcjolehhhbfd, “Naruto Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  124. ifdebecchhapkfdbcbhpmjonmbpfpnck, “Roblox Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  125. igbcfkjflkgamnoikcpiljglnmjnkjac, “Bts Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  126. iiblgogamkmdfojoclpdhainbndfpcci, “Motivational Quotes Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  127. inkankpmoblmficechfgfinajifbfkdn, “Fortnite Season 7 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  128. ioejcipbmdjinhfciojiacdjolkabkmn, “Lamborghini Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  129. iojhbljpppeociniiemjfelmdcgikmep, “BTS Members Themes NewTab”
  130. ipgnnndhgeaclopjgiihppbbfnmkmjcm, “Neon Genesis Evangelion NewTab”
  131. jckaglinbbflgcklfgacjdmgpnccmdng, “Horse Backgrounds HD”
  132. jfocahgaekfaemhfcfefcodphgpinnch, “Fortnite Omega Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  133. jgbkgjepkeklblmlhnpjmnbinmifjenc, “Forntine Skin Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  134. jlbebokeclkofhchdepbojfhmocdlhfl, “Marble Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  135. jlbhkoohfmnikpalgglhpadlbeiobkaa, “Sports Cars – Super Cars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  136. jmlbnlcodmikhdpbjjdemgaebjgmpooa, “Hetalia Backgrounds HD Tab”
  137. jnmckphflgdpioinbjaeckdajkbgcfgg, “Minecraft Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  138. kcjahchbheejjpdpohgfkaoknhcdjjnh, “Santa Claus Wallpapers & Santa Claus Games”
  139. kdihodbgfndblemlklkllhfjhiidbgih, “Fortnite Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  140. kefmhdhaebhmdeaabcgoaegmgodncebc, “Just Cause 4 Themes New Tab Avalanche”
  141. kicmnilchjfefpceoaiopdpbpkicgjjm, “Galaxy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  142. kigiheamdfmilbhkfdploghfnndcgkko, “Pokemon Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  143. kjgceeikbnmddoaggelkkpljdabhghkc, “Pokemon Backgrounds HD”
  144. kkeojhapoadcdlmkjlakdbhfkldbbmgi, “Hypebeast Wallpapers HD New Tab”
  145. klblfmpeelmpnadjahhdakiomhaepogb, “Photography Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  146. kmfiklhdkhidbmofjbgmpeaogglkndpe, “Super Junior Wallpapers & Super Junior Games”
  147. knacgnmpceaffedmgegknkfcnejjhdpp, “Logan (Wolverine) Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  148. kppjffaccdlhfeleafnohmfkgimdjmgg, “Darling In The Franxx New Tab HD”
  149. lbbegfjhlhpikmhbdcfcoadegdldmaen, “Snow Man Wallpapers & Snow Man Games”
  150. lbjgbekokephmmfllmpglefmoaihklpn, “Made In Abyss Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  151. lblnngjkgcpplmddebmefokmccpflhip, “Athletes Motivational Quotes Backgrounds”
  152. lcdabcbanafchdlcbdjgngcplnkijala, “Naruto Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  153. lcgjhoonomcmjpbnijfohbdhhjmhjlal, “Minecraft Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  154. ldkienofjncecbbnmhpngiiidekfcdoe, “Bulldogs Themes”
  155. lemhpidjofhodofghkakoglahdafpcbe, “Harry Potter Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  156. lgekbdjboenacbkiabfkkcpjgacmjcdg, “Pokemon Go Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  157. lggmpibegkcnfogpophgnchognofcdgo, “Neon wolf Backgrounds HD”
  158. ljppknljdefmnkckkdjaokhlncbiehgo, “Roblox Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  159. lkdahidfbdadmblpkopllegopldfbhge, “Space Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  160. llngndcpphncgeledehpklbeheadnoan, “3D Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  161. lmmdoemglmnjenhfcjkhgpkgiedcejmn, “Bangtan Boys Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  162. lniooknjghghdjoehegcoinmbhdbhcck, “Superheroes Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  163. makliapgjjpdkkaikobcmdhkfbfcoafk, “3D Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  164. maohnjppabopdhfkholcdkpehdojnpoc, “Aquarium Live Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  165. mcadalidfbmnponoamfdjlahdeheommb, “Roblox And Minecraft Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  166. mcafdholbcjhepgnpfdogaiagjmlfcon, “Sword Art Online Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  167. meioomnaphfjchjidcfnbadkbaaoanok, “Bears Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  168. mjbmelinkhpkmbjnocdklkjpiilpikba, “Fortnite Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  169. mkghdamdheccacmkmnchkaoljoflpoek, “Black Clover Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  170. mkjcnnfcmmniieaidfadidepdgfppfdj, “Star Wars Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  171. mmhaojkmpbmgbkojlagnhmjlfmnaglla, “Doctor Who Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  172. mmlhchoolkdnmnddgmoohigffekjnofo, “Namjin Bts Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  173. mmmapklofkmbcahafjmiogdbmpagimlp, “Hypebeast Dope Supreme Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  174. mngcfgonjbdbdbifcbhmdiddloganbcc, “Fireplace Live Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  175. mnnpffgmgkbdllleeihdgfgleomdhacm, “Satsuriku No Tenshi Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  176. moalaminambcgbljenplldelnhnaikke, “Rocket League Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  177. moljhdcbomchgdffhddpicbokacnbjoj, “Moana Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  178. mpdpjfobafahmgicjmpnfklbphhlacel, “Alfa Romeo Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  179. mpfleoaldoclbjhfkgbmnelkkbolbegl, “Lion Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  180. nafbodmhgaabbfchodpkmpnibgjmeeei, “Super Cars – Sports Cars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  181. naofchadlleomaipaienfedidkiodamo, “Red Dead Redemption Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  182. nbbeiofjfjmnicfhkfbjdggbclmbaioc, “League Of Legends (Lol) Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  183. nbblafbmmogmlhejjondcclcgbkdmjln, “Dinosaurs Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  184. nbekcbebginchflfegofcjjmojpppnad, “Lilo And Stitch Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  185. nbhjdcacphemibgeamjkmeknfeffgngk, “Ugandan Knuckles Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  186. nchffcpkbehklpbdodlakgdbnkdcnpbi, “Hedgehog Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  187. nckldhnoondmiheikhblobkgcfchcbld, “Blade Runner 2049 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  188. ncnonnloajjbpdpgnelmlbflmbhlilid, “Vkook Kim Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  189. ncpjlhellnlcjnjmablbaingipdemidh, “Bears Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  190. ndchgkeilnpiefnoagcbnlellpcfmjic, “Death Note Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  191. ndeejbgcbhehjpjmngniokeleedmjmap, “Daredevil Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  192. ndihciopmidkbamcfgpdmojcpalolfgo, “Gucci Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  193. neafafemicnbclhpojeoiemihogeejhl, “Jisung Stray Kids Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  194. nekimocmhfdimckbgchifahcgafhnagb, “Kill La Kill Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  195. nenaiblmmandfgaiifppcegejpinkebl, “One Direction Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  196. neplbnhjlkmpekfcjibdidioejnhejfl, “Chicago Bulls Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  197. nepnhilmahdmejhghfbjhhabaioioeel, “Ant Man & The Wasp Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  198. nfanjklinojeimbhmfliomdihldjhfpm, “Jimin & Jungkook Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  199. nfebelgoldoapjgfkekcmbddpljakakp, “Danganronpa V3 Maki Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  200. nfhbpopnbgigkljgmelpfncnghjpdopf, “Ad-block for YouTube – Youtube Ad-blocker Pro”
  201. nfpnclghflfcgkgdjcbpoljlafndbomk, “Seattle Seahawks Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  202. ngaccohdjpkgnghichikgcpfagnoeeim, “Adidas Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  203. ngajighkghnbfnleddljedblnjaggebo, “Real Madrid Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  204. ngchnhjdpgpkapghgpncmommhelegfbh, “Kpop Nu Est Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  205. ngeofnobniohmdmdkliflkeppfgbjpgn, “Satsuriku No Tenshi Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  206. nglggaejaflihehbajhppedepephbfae, “Kingdom Hearts 3 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  207. nhnemamgicdjigoedllaicngcfihkmhf, “Voltron Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  208. nhneoegahiihkkgdindfdnobhhhlpfnm, “One Piece Anime Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  209. njablodeioakdgahodegclphmnbaphin, “Fruits Basket Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  210. njdegihoinoiplfpbcckmjahlnpeipii, “Godzilla Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  211. njliieipbkencklladfemkkipmfcjiom, “Dope Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  212. nklckhbegicdajpehmmpbnpelkdjmdoc, “Ikon Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  213. nkopnpaipcceikcmfcjlacgkjoglodag, “Devil May Cry Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  214. nldffbaphciaaophmdnikgkengbmigli, “Final Fantasy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  215. nmkfcjaghjoedelgkomoifnpdejjpcbj, “Heart Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  216. nmlmdkblidkckbhidgfgghajlkgjijkp, “Hawaii Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  217. nnceiipjfkdobpenbmnajbkdfiklajgl, “Puppies Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  218. noiinnecebffnjggilfhailhhgdilbld, “One Direction – 1D Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  219. nojmjafalbmmoohpmjphalepmfnmhfao, “Vmin Bts Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  220. npcndkopgafkjggoledlgfblodppnckj, “Kill La Kill Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  221. nphiadicgehlpbniemnkhinphngoeaeg, “Red Dead Redemption Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  222. oaihijkoodmmaibfhojdinffpinmhdji, “Attack On Titan Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  223. oanlnaeipdakcmafockfiekhdklfidjb, “Chicago Bulls Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  224. oanplobhgngkpkpeihcdojkongpiheci, “Destiny 2 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  225. obahibdkmhmnenkcdpakilchcppihopl, “Clash Royale Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  226. obgdpcjbebcaphmigjhogcikejnlbjgl, “Deadpool Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  227. ocfpmgbbkjeblbhdehminjdjffhcidbi, “Dank Memes Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  228. ocgfhclcahimdhfjgmakmfdnhomofljo, “Bts Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  229. ocponkhpfikgnggeflddgkfcmhjejedo, “Chevrolet Corvette Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  230. odoenahafpbigcelejhbkkhnjfleanok, “Lamborghini Super Cars Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  231. oehamnhnpejphgpkgnenefolepinadjj, “Fortnite Drift Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  232. oejbnchocabaoicconfnbjghebmbfemc, “Rocky Paw Mighty Pups Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  233. oejmcobpfiiladgbfpknibppfnekbolo, “Yeezy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  234. oemkcngaaomgokaclafmkcgcpbfelmnb, “Wild Animals 3D Neon Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  235. ofbfieekadnmifbaoigkcffobkkjblep, “Cherry Blossom Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  236. ofgihclaiecmjbfjnajjimdbjnbiimkk, “Audi R8 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  237. ofkjndegefemablfmefngnpchlhapdmi, “Art Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  238. ofockibbbgfclddbpbhhohdldgkomhgm, “Custom Super Cars Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  239. ogegpnamjdpcadpldhijjlhkicgbnkjj, “Louis Vuitton Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  240. ogiaghccmoklogdlbchapejmjnnlichn, “Japan Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  241. ohjoklkmollkbcibgddolpmpgaoophfl, “One Direction Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  242. ohobkendnpiijpeiaimjbannfcmhaogi, “Deathstroke Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  243. ohoingjkmkkoffkdmbpipdncbkhaaefd, “Dachshund Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  244. oihecidjnjpjfeefkambkjgebbmpahgn, “Dc Comics Shazam Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  245. oilikkahlcnchaipbojfgejapechblbl, “Santa Claus Christmas Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  246. ojfjgkolegfhneacbgcjaoajfgcfoapf, “Halloween Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  247. ojhlagjgjbjfgllocdhlpnkbdlcipnmo, “Cars”
  248. ojmpgbcmiimbkmjfgmcneplkneleehcc, “God Of War 2018 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  249. ojnlggfhmoioajgmnelfdpjojaeknjog, “The Incredibles 2 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  250. okgnpdnekilbcgcfeheanbpbhnhmopfc, “Yeezy Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  251. okjdiicjoeloipmgdopdmhpebnnfadih, “Sao Alicization Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  252. okphhehkikoonipdjmhglcmlgccjcblp, “Los Angeles Lakers Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  253. olochidfgadpdbdmdfbhgimiffnllaij, “Dragon Ball Super Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  254. ombenndgcnmcnfohnbbjcmbmfmpefojc, “Panda Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  255. omclahaofiigfggelbcleagcphjhabmp, “Fallout 76 Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  256. onjjlcdmafgcjdbhmlnpmheobbfeilah, “Lego Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  257. onnmfhejbikffoenamcfglpjnmmbkdeg, “Daredevil Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  258. oonheecobachpkogdjjnemiipogpgnmg, “The Vampire Diaries Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  259. opbobdfddmiemhekjiglckcenhpfdbjm, “Hulk Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  260. opjpfngjbdmgkilopbnapbkbngedcpmj, “Bap Kpop Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  261. oplhjpchbbngmpgcpjcbijhfehbhodgi, “Rwby Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  262. oppbpkjmehgijcpeddkpbadoidfpcblg, “Live Christmas Snowfall Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  263. paddichbcfehpelokpidnagccddbpkin, “Tesla Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  264. pajbempmgmalnfpbnpclkelnhfccikal, “Bts Bangtan Boys Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  265. pboddlnfegdnifbhepjegnokocjpadpd, “Kawaii Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  266. pcbpmbmpjjibcmodpaomahiokikjomgc, “Boston Terrier Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  267. pcembleiffdccjkcebaodmhgkopipdan, “Ultra Instinct Goku Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  268. pcgcmplcfdfkkkmaggghdghnlddkpbbo, “DBS and Dragon Ball Super”
  269. pdhibfagbndnidgfjkhdhlfibdoofbji, “Bmw Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  270. pdloaiifhmlbhhppajjmfpijopfeenoo, “Bentley Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  271. pehnljkefahmlhifockljagcfcpljclc, “Gothic Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  272. pelnnoacfeaanpmnmacjjnnpgfggekig, “V & Jimin Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  273. pfekelemlpmelhipncgddloaflehglmb, “Tiger Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  274. pfepcffcdodcancalckiencamnonoebl, “Momo Twice Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  275. pfpgpbfndacjjjdlgefggndhionakfmb, “Lilo And Stitch Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  276. pghkmhmjldklacabcgkaaboikfaaogmi, “Kpop Big Bang Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  277. pgilbgknfcnjjblfnjojmcpkggipblci, “Clash Of Clans Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  278. pgleokbigapafgjodffamlhdkhiagdgb, “Bmw Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  279. phkafpikdokjpogdhjpkcgfjpfgnlgeo, “Hulk Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  280. phmogllmicehmpglfobbihoelfidjnpd, “Carolina Panthers Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  281. pihogmfmhefemijkgmbimkngninbkkce, “J-Hope Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  282. pilmbpeapchjcnldfomimmcfoigoenoc, “Emoji Unicorn Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  283. pinfndnjmdocmimbeonilpahdaldopjc, “Assassination Classroom Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  284. pinkcaefpkjpljfflabpkcgbkpbomdfk, “Forest Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  285. pjabdohmcokffcednbgpeoifpdbfgfbj, “Cool Fortnite Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  286. pjjmcpmjocebmjmhdclbiheoideefiad, “Harry Potter Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  287. plcdglhlbmlnfoghfhmbhehapfadedod, “Code Geass Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  288. pmdakkjbaeioodmomlmnklahihodjcjk, “Kpop Red Velvet Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  289. pmnpldnflfopbhndkjndecojdpgecckf, “Mac Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  290. pnamonkagicmlnalnlcdaoeenhlgdklf, “Fortnite Skull Trooper Wallpaper HD New Tab”
  291. poeokidblnamjkagggonidcigafaobki, “Kakashi Hatake Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  292. pofffhlknjbjolmfoeagdmbbdbjjmeki, “Bts Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  293. polgnkadhhhmlahkhhbicledbpklnake, “James Harden Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  294. ppicajcmopaimnnikbafgknffbdmomfk, “Muscle Cars Wallpaper HD Custom New Tab”
  295. ppmbiomgjfenipmnjiiaemcaboaeljil, “Forntine Battle Ground Wallpaper HD New Tab”

Source :
https://www.zdnet.com/article/cluster-of-295-chrome-extensions-caught-hijacking-google-and-bing-search-results/

You Have Exceeded the Maximum Number of Computer Accounts

You have exceeded the maximum number of computer accounts

The following error occurred attempting to join the domain {domain-name}

You computer could not be joined to the domain, You have
exceeded the maximum number of computer accounts you are
allowed to create in this domain. Contact your system|
administrator to have this limit reset or increased.

To be honest there’s no way I can think of to reset that limit, (short of deleting and recreating your domain user account!) So what’s going on? Well every authenticated domain user has the RIGHT to join a computer to the domain, and the amount of computers they can join is limited to 10 (ten).

Exceptions / Users Not Affected

Members of the domain admins group, and users that have been delegated the right to create a computer object are exempt this limit. 

Solution Option 1 – Use an Administrative Account

Pretty straight forward, the easiest way to avoid this is to add computers to the domain using an account that’s a member off the Domain Admins Group.

Solution Option 2 – Raise The Limit From 10

This limit is set at a Domain level, i.e. it’s not set on a particular user, so you have to raise the limit for ALL Users. To do this log onto a domain controller and launch Adsiedit.msc > Connect To > Default Naming Context > OK.

ASDSI Edit default Naming Context

Select CN={Your Domain} > Properties > Locate ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota > Edit > Change the value from 10 to something greater.

ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota

Solution Option 3 – Delegate Create Computer Object Right

Locate the OU (or container) that your new computer objects get added to, (I say container because ‘Computers’ is NOT an OU) > Right Click > Delegate Control > Next > Add your domain user > Next > Create a custom task > Next.

Delegate Create Computer Access

Only the following object in the folder > Tick: Computer Objects > Tick: Create selected object in this folder > Next > Tick: Property specific > Tick: Read All Properties > Next > Finish

Delegate Add Computer Access

Solution Option 4 – Pre-Stage Computer Objects in Active Directory

Not very scalable, but you can pre-create the computer object before the computer is joined to the Domain, (providing you know its computer-name / host-name). This can be done in Active directory Users and Computers.

Pre-Stage Computer Account in AD

Then you can simply join the computer to the domain.

Pre-Staged Computer Account Domain Join

How Does This Work

When a computer is joined to a domain a few things happen, the account you are using is checked, if it’s a normal, (not delegated or non domain admin) user, then the SID (Security Identifier) of that user is stamped on the COMPUTER object in a value called ms-DS-CreatorSID 

ms-DS-CreatorSID

What does NOT happen: There is NOT value on the USER object that increments by one for each machine joined to the domain, the ONLY reference is on the COMPUTER object. Yes this seems inefficient, but there we go that’s how it works.

If the user has delegated rights to create computer objects, or is a member of domain admins then, ms-DS-CreatorSID is left empty, (if you query it using PowerShell or programatically it will return ‘null’).

Finding Out Who Joined a Computer to The Domain

Because of the way this is stamped on the computer, and not the user, then if you want to find out how many computers a particular user, or users, have added it’s not straight forward! If it’s something that’s happened recently you can look on your domain controllers in the security log for Event 4741.

Event ID 4741

Or if you need to do something complicated, then scripting is your friend!

Getting a List of Computers Joined to a Domain (By User)

Use the following PowerShell, (this is one command if it gets wrapped after you copy/paste it).

Get-ADComputer -Filter * -Properties ms-DS-CreatorSID | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_."ms-DS-CreatorSID" -ne $Null } | Format-Table -AutoSize -Property Name,@{Label='User';Expression={(New-Object System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier($_."mS-DS-CreatorSID".Value)).Translate([System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value}}

Like so;

See Which User Joined a Computer To a Domain

Source :
https://www.petenetlive.com/KB/Article/0001536

AES vs PGP Encryption: What is the Difference?

In the world of data security there are many different types of encryption, but arguably the two most common are AES and PGP. With so many three-letter acronyms in the technical landscape, it’s easy to get lost in data security conversations. So let’s catch up!

First, we’ll define both AES and PGP, and then we’ll look at how they compare to each other.

AES encryption

AES stands for Advanced Encryption Standard. It is the dreamchild of two cryptographers’ proposal of a symmetric key encryption algorithm based on the Rijndael cipher. This algorithm was developed when the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sent the call out to the cryptographic community to develop a new standard. NIST spent five years evaluating 15 competing designs for the AES project. In 2001, NIST announced the cipher developed by the two Belgians, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, as the adopted standard (known as FIPS-197) for electronic data encryption.

AES is a symmetric key encryption algorithm, which essentially means that the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt the data. A computer program takes clear text and processes it through an encryption key and returns ciphertext. If the data needs to be decrypted, the program processes it again with the same key and is able to reproduce the clear text. This method required less computational resources for the program to complete its cipher process, which means lower performance impact. AES is a good method to protect sensitive data stored in large databases.

That said, AES will not always be your go-to for encrypting data.

When sharing sensitive information with trading partners or transferring information across networks, using AES would leave your data vulnerable because you would need to share your encryption key with your trading partners. This means that while they would be able to decrypt the information you sent them, they could also decrypt anything else encrypted using that same key.

And if the key itself were compromised, then anyone in its possession could decrypt your data.

PGP encryption

The answer to your above data sharing security problem is found in PGP encryption. This is because PGP uses both symmetric and asymmetric keys to encrypt data being transferred across networks.

PGP stands for Pretty Good Privacy. Which is ironic because it’s actually much better than just “pretty good.”

PGP was developed by the American computer scientist Phil Zimmerman, who made it available for non-commercial use at no charge in 1991. To encrypt data, PGP generates a symmetric key to encrypt data which is protected by the asymmetric key.

Asymmetric encryption uses two different keys for the encryption and decryption processes of sensitive information. Both keys are derived from one another and created at the same time. This key pair is divided and referred to as a public key and a private key. Data is only encrypted with a public key, and thus, can only be decrypted with its matching private key.

AES vs PGP encryption

PGP is just as strong as that of AES, but it adds an additional layer of security to prevent anyone who only has the public key from being able to decrypt data.
Another benefit of asymmetric encryption is that it allows for authentication. After you have exchanged public keys with your trading partners, the private keys can be used to digitally sign the encrypted content, allowing the decryptor to verify the authenticity of the sender.

PGP requires more computational resources, which is why it is usually not recommended for encrypting data in large databases where information needs to be accessed frequently, and each record that you access needs to be ran through a cryptographic process.

AES or PGP: Which should I use?

When you are considering which encryption to use for your sensitive information, choose whichever will suit your needs best:

  • AES is fast and works best in closed systems and large databases
  • PGP should be used when sharing information across an open network, but it can be slower and works better for individual files.

Source :
https://www.precisely.com/blog/data-security/comparing-aes-pgp-encryption

AES vs. RSA Encryption: What Are the Differences?

One thing that’s become abundantly clear in the internet age is that preventing unauthorized people from gaining access to the data stored in web-enabled computer systems is extremely difficult. All it takes is for a worker to click on the wrong link in an email, or respond unwarily to a seemingly legitimate request for information, and an intruder could gain complete access to all your data. In today’s regulatory and public relations environments, that kind of breach can be catastrophic.

But what if you could be assured that even if an attacker got access to your information, they couldn’t use it? That’s the role of data encryption.

How encryption works

The basic idea of encryption is to convert data into a form in which the original meaning is masked, and only those who are properly authorized can decipher it. This is done by scrambling the information using mathematical functions based on a number called a key. An inverse process, using the same or a different key, is used to unscramble (or decrypt) the information. If the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, the process is said to be symmetric. If different keys are used the process is defined as asymmetric.

Two of the most widely used encryption algorithms today are AES and RSA. Both are highly effective and secure, but they are typically used in different ways. Let’s take a look at how they compare.

AES encryption

AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) has become the encryption algorithm of choice for governments, financial institutions, and security-conscious enterprises around the world. The U.S. National Security Agency (NSC) uses it to protect the country’s “top secret” information.

The AES algorithm successively applies a series of mathematical transformations to each 128-bit block of data. Because the computational requirements of this approach are low, AES can be used with consumer computing devices such as laptops and smartphones, as well as for quickly encrypting large amounts of data. For example, the IBM z14 mainframe series uses AES to enable pervasive encryption in which all the data in the entire system, whether at rest or in transit, is encrypted.

AES is a symmetric algorithm which uses the same 128, 192, or 256 bit key for both encryption and decryption (the security of an AES system increases exponentially with key length). With even a 128-bit key, the task of cracking AES by checking each of the 2128 possible key values (a “brute force” attack) is so computationally intensive that even the fastest supercomputer would require, on average, more than 100 trillion years to do it. In fact, AES has never been cracked, and based on current technological trends, is expected to remain secure for years to come.

RSA encryption

RSA is named for the MIT scientists (Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman) who first described it in 1977. It is an asymmetric algorithm that uses a publicly known key for encryption, but requires a different key, known only to the intended recipient, for decryption. In this system, appropriately called public key cryptography (PKC), the public key is the product of multiplying two huge prime numbers together. Only that product, 1024, 2048, or 4096 bits in length, is made public. But RSA decryption requires knowledge of the two prime factors of that product. Because there is no known method of calculating the prime factors of such large numbers, only the creator of the public key can also generate the private key required for decryption.

RSA is more computationally intensive than AES, and much slower. It’s normally used to encrypt only small amounts of data.

How AES and RSA work together

A major issue with AES is that, as a symmetric algorithm, it requires that both the encryptor and the decryptor use the same key. This gives rise to a crucial key management issue – how can that all-important secret key be distributed to perhaps hundreds of recipients around the world without running a huge risk of it being carelessly or deliberately compromised somewhere along the way? The answer is to combine the strengths of AES and RSA encryption.

In many modern communication environments, including the internet, the bulk of the data exchanged is encrypted by the speedy AES algorithm. To get the secret key required to decrypt that data, authorized recipients publish a public key while retaining an associated private key that only they know. The sender then uses that public key and RSA to encrypt and transmit to each recipient their own secret AES key, which can be used to decrypt the data.

Source :
https://www.precisely.com/blog/data-security/aes-vs-rsa-encryption-differences

AES vs. DES Encryption: Why Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) has replaced DES, 3DES and TDEA

Every so often, we encounter someone still using antiquated DES for encryption.  If your organization hasn’t switched to the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), it’s time for an upgrade. To better understand why: let’s compare DES and AES encryption:

Data Encryption Standard (DES)

What is DES encryption?

DES is a symmetric block cipher (shared secret key), with a key length of 56-bits. Published as the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 46 standard in 1977, DES was officially withdrawn in 2005.

The federal government originally developed DES encryption over 35 years ago to provide cryptographic security for all government communications. The idea was to ensure government systems all used the same, secure standard to facilitate interconnectivity.

Why DES is no longer effective

To show that the DES was inadequate and should not be used in important systems anymore, a series of challenges were sponsored to see how long it would take to decrypt a message. Two organizations played key roles in breaking DES: distributed.net and the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF).

  • The DES I contest (1997) took 84 days to break the encrypted message using a brute force attack.
  • In 1998, there were two DES II challenges issued. The first challenge took just over a month and the decrypted text was “The unknown message is: Many hands make light work”. The second challenge took less than three days, with the plaintext message “It’s time for those 128-, 192-, and 256-bit keys”.
  • The final DES III challenge in early 1999 only took 22 hours and 15 minutes. Electronic Frontier Foundation’s Deep Crack computer (built for less than $250,000) and distributed.net’s computing network found the 56-bit DES key, deciphered the message, and they (EFF & distributed.net) won the contest. The decrypted message read “See you in Rome (Second AES Candidate Conference, March 22-23, 1999)”, and was found after checking about 30 percent of the key space – finally proving that DES belonged to the past.

Even Triple DES is not enough protection

Triple DES (3DES) – also known as Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA) – is a way of using DES encryption three times. But even Triple DES was proven ineffective against brute force attacks (in addition to slowing down the process substantially).

According to draft guidance published by NIST on July 19, 2018, TDEA/3DES is officially being retired. The guidelines propose that Triple DES be deprecated for all new applications and disallowed after 2023.

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

What is AES encryption?

Published as a FIPS 197 standard in 2001. AES data encryption is a more mathematically efficient and elegant cryptographic algorithm, but its main strength rests in the option for various key lengths. AES allows you to choose a 128-bit, 192-bit or 256-bit key, making it exponentially stronger than the 56-bit key of DES.

In terms of structure, DES uses the Feistel network which divides the block into two halves before going through the encryption steps. AES on the other hand, uses permutation-substitution, which involves a series of substitution and permutation steps to create the encrypted block. The original DES designers made a great contribution to data security, but one could say that the aggregate effort of cryptographers for the AES algorithm has been far greater.

Related: AES vs PGP Encryption: What is the Difference?

Why AES replaced DES encryption

One of the original requirements from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the DES replacement algorithm was that it had to be efficient both in software and hardware implementations. (DES was originally practical only in hardware implementations.) Java and C reference implementations were used to do performance analysis of the algorithms. AES was chosen through an open competition with 15 candidates from as many research teams around the world, and the total amount of resources allocated to that process was tremendous.

Finally, in October 2000, a NIST press release announced the selection of Rijndael as the proposed Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).

What are the differences between DES and AES encryption?

DESAES
Developed19772000
Key Length56 bits128, 192, or 256 bits
Cipher TypeSymmetric block cipherSymmetric block cipher
Block Size64 bits128 bits
SecurityProven inadequateConsidered secure

Source :
https://www.precisely.com/blog/data-security/aes-vs-des-encryption-standard-3des-tdea